Stars

Re: Stars

Сообщение HainanWel.com(e)! » 13 фев 2015, 14:33

Astronomers observe the birth of many star system - VIDEO
Quite often, the stars in the galaxy does not live alone, as is the case with the Sun, and in the systems of two or more bodies. For example do not need to go far - located next door to us, Alpha Centauri consists of three stars.

So far, astrophysicists can not say exactly why. According to one version, all the stars are formed in groups, and then some of them have found themselves under the influence of gravitational forces. According to other suggestions, they are people who are born alone or with twin brothers.

Perhaps a new study of an international group of astronomers will help to better understand this question. His findings were published in the edition of Nature.


Scientists used the two largest radio telescope in the world - Very Large Scale antenna array (VLA) and the "Green Bank" (GBT), to explore the cloud of gas Bernard 5, located at a distance of eight thoUSAnd light-years from Earth in the constellation Perseus.

In the central core, or so-called stellar nurseries researchers previously found a young protostar and decided to take a closer look at the this area. With VLA they recorded the radio emission of methane molecules in the cloud and surprisingly found there are three more dense clumps of matter that, in their opinion, will soon also become stars. Most likely, it will be medium-sized objects ten times less than the Sun, distant from each other by a few thoUSAnd astronomical units.

"We know that new stars will eventually form a star system, because our observations indicate gravitational connection between bunches - said in a press release ETH Zurich Jaime Pineda (Jaime Pineda). - This is the first time we were able to show the gravitational interaction of young formations. "

As a rule, a system consisting of more than three objects are unstable, and this case is no exception. Computer models have shown that at least one star will eventually be thrown away outside the group, but the remaining three will be able to keep the gravitational links and make a stable system.



The discovery of an embryonic star system itself is an important event for science. But scientists also found that clumps of gas turned into a giant glowing balls in the next 40,000 years. Pineda and his colleagues emphasize that on space standards, this process will take place "very quickly".

"Almost half of all stars are members of systems, but to catch them at the earliest stages of formation was difficult. Now, thanks to a combination of VLA and GBT, we have an idea of how such systems are born. Our next step will be to study other examples of star formation. We will use the new features VLA and other powerful tools "- adds Pineda.
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Re: Stars

Сообщение HainanWel.com(e)! » 26 мар 2015, 16:41

Riddle of unusual new star in 1670 an astronomers have solved - VIDEO

Mysterious star that erupted at the junction of the constellation Vulpecula and Cygnus in 1670 and goes out three times at intervals of several years, was not an ordinary white dwarf exploded, and the result of bad luck and the merger of the two stars, astronomers say in an article published in the journal Nature.

Shining Nova Vul 1670, which was opened at the same time Giovanni Cassini and Jan Hevelius, for centuries considered the first documented example of the so-called new stars. They are a close pair of two luminaries - a white dwarf and a red giant, surviving the last millions of years of life.

Due to internal processes, the giant strongly inflated, and its outer shell beyond its gravitational "spheres of influence", where they are slowly beginning to pull over a white dwarf. After some time, accumulates on the surface thereof a sufficient amount of hydrogen "fuel" and supplies stolen matter explode, resulting in a star brightness grows tens or hundreds of thoUSAnds of times.

Alexander Kraus (Alexander Kraus) of the Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn (Germany) and his colleagues found that the new textbook in 1670 is not so, than it was considered earlier astronomers studying the region where it is located, using a radio telescope APEX.

As they note, for the past three centuries Nova Vul 1670 has faded so much that her remains can only be seen only with the aid of radio telescopes operating in the millimeter range and the ability to capture even the most cold light accumulations of matter.

As shown by the data from APEX, the place where it is suspected that a new star was highly unusual in their appearance and chemical composition. On-site Nova Vul 1670 Kraus and his colleagues found a giant cloud of gas and dust, which contained an unusually high number of different "heavy" elements.

This cloud had two problems - its mass is much higher than typical values ​​for new stars, and it contained the substances that are either extremely rare in the remains of the new (for example, nitrogen compounds), or, in principle, there can not be. In addition, its very form was unusual - it was like two overlapping figures sandy hours.

All this prompted scientists to think that Nova Vul 1670 broke out in the night sky is not due tug of matter from one star to another, and as a result of the collision and merger of two unsuccessful ordinary light, which ended with a powerful thermonuclear flash and scattered most of the matter of their outer shells. Mangled remains of stars fade quickly, leaving in their place remains dull and rich in heavy elements nebula, such as Nova Vul 1670, the scientists conclude.
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Re: Stars

Сообщение HainanWel.com(e)! » 03 апр 2015, 14:37


Earth-like planets may form in binary star systems - VIDEO


LUKe Skywalker's home planet of the "star Wars" is a desert world called "Tatooine", where at Sunset seen just two "Suns" - as a planet orbiting a binary star.

However, until now orbiting binary stars such scientists were only discovered lifeless gas giants, and many researchers believe that rocky planets are not able to be formed in such stellar systems.

However, now a new mathematical calculations demonstrate that the planet Earth-solid surface, such as Tatuin likely exist and can be widely distributed in the Universe.

"Such Sunsets on Tatooine, can be observed on many planets of the Universe" - sums up the results of his research in astrophysics Ben Bromley of the University of Utah and Scott Kenyon of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, both of the United States.

"The main conclusion from our work is that the outside of a small area, which lies near the double star, planet formation can occur, and almost in the same way as in the case of a single star," the authors write in their paper. "We believe that the planets in the planetary systems of binary stars should meet no less than planetary systems of single stars."

When forming planets from dust and gas disk in the planetary system of a star or stellar pair first formed the so-called "planetesimals," which later merged with each other and become larger, eventually forming planet. The nature of the interaction of these planetesimals dependent probability of their further transformation into a planet. In the systems of single stars planetesimals movement occurs in circular orbits, but because of their collisions are "soft", which contributes to their unification. The motion of the planetesimals from planetary systems of double stars are on orbits distorted by gravity alternately one or the other star systems, but because the collisions between planetesimals are those more likely to break up into separate parts, which prevents merging them into a single planet.

In the new study, the authors showed that the planetesimals in the planetary systems of binary stars do not move in circular, as previously thought, but in oval orbits, and it allows planetesimals such systems avoid many disastrous collisions, which in turn increases the probability of formation of these eventually the planet, and, as the authors of the publication, as Earth-like planets Tatooine and gas giant.
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Re: Stars

Сообщение HainanWel.com(e)! » 18 июл 2015, 22:11

Video flight over New Horizons Pluto and the companion - VIDEO
On the Internet appeared an unusual and amazing video - Video flight over New Horizons Pluto and the companion, VIDEO:
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